Number Encodings
Binary, 1-complement, 2-complement, excess-q, fixed-point, floating-point, b-adic and bitops with fine-grained Horner steps and bit-level visualisation.
- B-adic / Horner methodInteractive b-adic representation: Horner conversion with fine-grained division and remainder steps, polynomial form, switch between any bases 2..36.
- Binary EncodingInteractive n-bit binary encoding: Horner conversion step by step, bit visualisation, value range, addition with carry and overflow.
- One's ComplementInteractive n-bit ones' complement: negation by flipping all bits, double zero, a range symmetric around zero, −127 to 127 with 8 bits.
- Two's ComplementInteractive n-bit two's complement: negation by flipping all bits plus one, unique zero, asymmetric value range. Standard for int8 to int32.
- Bitwise OperatorsInteractive bitops: column-wise NOT, AND, OR, XOR and shifts on two n-bit patterns. With per-column truth pills and result bit pattern.
- Excess-qInteractive excess-q encoding: stores x as x + q in n bits. Used in IEEE 754 characteristics (bias 127 for float, 1023 for double).
- Fixed-pointInteractive fixed point with n bits and k fractional digits: multiplication by a power of two, rounding, Horner conversion, rounding error and value range.
- Floating-pointInteractive floating-point encoding: sign, characteristic (excess-q) and mantissa step by step, with bit visualisation and rounding error.